feat: added debug traces and added support for booting using grub and

tftp
This commit is contained in:
2021-03-08 22:00:07 +01:00
parent 945b18b2b2
commit cefdb8ed90
12 changed files with 253 additions and 380 deletions

18
README.md Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
# My Kernel
A bodged together mess that resembles something like a kernel.
## ELF Symbols
Qemu's `-kernel` does not expose the symbol table to the kernel. To retrieve this table, use `--net`
## launch-qemu.sh
This is the main way of launching the kernel.
Some options:
### --net
Launch the kernel over the network using GRUB.
First build the netdir:
```bash
grub-mknetdir --net-directory=netdir --subdir=/boot/grub -d /usr/lib/grub/i386-pc
```
Now the `--net` option should work as expected

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@@ -44,15 +44,26 @@ void help(const char *args);
void shutdown(const char *args); void shutdown(const char *args);
void explode(const char *args);
cmd_handler cmd_handlers[] = { cmd_handler cmd_handlers[] = {
{"help\0", help}, {"help\0", help},
{"echo\0", echo}, {"echo\0", echo},
{"print\0", print}, {"print\0", print},
{"ide\0", ide}, {"ide\0", ide},
{"shutdown", shutdown}, {"shutdown", shutdown},
{"explode", explode},
{NULL, NULL}, {NULL, NULL},
}; };
void explode(const char *args) {
uint32_t x = 0;
uint32_t y = 0;
__asm__("div %%ebx" :
"=a" (x), "=b" (y));
}
void shutdown(const char *args) { void shutdown(const char *args) {
power_shutdown(); power_shutdown();
} }

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@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
#include "isr.h" #include "isr.h"
#include <debug/debug.h>
#include <cpu/idt.h> #include <cpu/idt.h>
#include <cpu/syscall_handler.h> #include <cpu/syscall_handler.h>
#include <libc/libc.h> #include <libc/libc.h>
@@ -131,6 +132,7 @@ void isr_handler(isr_registers_t r) {
return; return;
} }
sprintf(msg, "Received interrupt: %d - %s\n", r.int_no, exception_messages[r.int_no]); sprintf(msg, "Received interrupt: %d - %s\n", r.int_no, exception_messages[r.int_no]);
debug_backtrace(true);
k_panics(msg); k_panics(msg);
} }

113
kernel/debug/debug.c Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
//
// Created by rick on 08-03-21.
//
#include "debug.h"
#include <elf.h>
#include <libk/libk.h>
#include <libc/libc.h>
#include <libc/kprintf.h>
#include <libc/string.h>
#include <libk/kprint.h>
static struct elf32_section_header* elf_headers = NULL;
static struct elf32_section_header* elf_shstrtab = NULL;
static struct elf32_section_header* elf_symtab = NULL;
static struct elf32_section_header* elf_strtab = NULL;
static uint32_t elf_header_cnt;
static const char* elf_name_symtab = ".symtab";
static const char* elf_name_strtab = ".strtab";
struct stackframe {
struct stackframe* ebp;
uint32_t eip;
};
char *debug_get_shstrtab_entry(uint32_t ndx) {
if (elf_shstrtab == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
if (ndx > elf_shstrtab->sh_size) {
return NULL;
}
return ((char*)elf_shstrtab->sh_addr + ndx);
}
char *debug_get_strtab_entry(uint32_t ndx) {
if (elf_strtab == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
if (ndx > elf_strtab->sh_size) {
return NULL;
}
return ((char*)elf_strtab->sh_addr + ndx);
}
void debug_find_sections(uint32_t shndx) {
elf_shstrtab = &elf_headers[shndx];
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < elf_header_cnt; ++i) {
struct elf32_section_header *current = &elf_headers[i];
char *name = debug_get_shstrtab_entry(current->sh_name);
if (name == NULL) {
printf("Name was NULL\n");
continue;
}
if (strcmp(name, elf_name_symtab) == 0) {
elf_symtab = current;
continue;
}
if (strcmp(name, elf_name_strtab) == 0) {
elf_strtab = current;
continue;
}
}
}
void debug_store_info(struct multiboot_info *info) {
if (!(info->flags & MULTIBOOT_INFO_ELF_SHDR)) {
return;
}
if (sizeof(struct elf32_section_header) != info->u.elf_sec.size) {
k_panics("ELF size not correct");
}
elf_headers = (struct elf32_section_header *) info->u.elf_sec.addr;
elf_header_cnt = info->u.elf_sec.num;
debug_find_sections(info->u.elf_sec.shndx);
}
struct elf32_symtab_entry* debug_get_entry_for_addr(uint32_t addr) {
if (elf_symtab == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
struct elf32_symtab_entry* first = (struct elf32_symtab_entry *) elf_symtab->sh_addr;
uint32_t num = elf_symtab->sh_size / sizeof(struct elf32_symtab_entry);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
// only functions for now
if (ELF32_ST_TYPE(first[i].st_info) != STT_FUNC) {
continue;
}
if (addr >= first[i].st_value && addr < (first[i].st_value + first[i].st_size)) {
return &first[i];
}
}
return NULL;
}
void debug_backtrace(bool do_sync) {
struct stackframe *frame = __builtin_frame_address(0);
void (*printer)(const char*) = do_sync ? kprint_sync : kprint;
printer("\n\n## Stack Trace ##\n");
char msg[1024] = {0};
while (frame->ebp != NULL) {
struct elf32_symtab_entry *entry = debug_get_entry_for_addr(frame->eip);
if (entry == NULL) {
sprintf(msg, "#unknown (%x)\n", frame->eip);
} else {
sprintf(msg, "%s (%x)\n", debug_get_strtab_entry(entry->st_name), frame->eip);
};
printer(msg);
frame = frame->ebp;
}
printer("\n");
}

14
kernel/debug/debug.h Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
//
// Created by rick on 08-03-21.
//
#ifndef NEW_KERNEL_DEBUG_H
#define NEW_KERNEL_DEBUG_H
#include <multiboot.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
void debug_store_info(struct multiboot_info *info);
void debug_backtrace(bool do_sync);
#endif //NEW_KERNEL_DEBUG_H

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@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
// https://wiki.osdev.org/PCI_IDE_Controller // https://wiki.osdev.org/PCI_IDE_Controller
#include "ide.h" #include "ide.h"
#include <debug/debug.h>
#include "ports.h" #include "ports.h"
#include <types.h> #include <types.h>
#include <libk/kprint.h> #include <libk/kprint.h>
@@ -264,6 +265,8 @@ unsigned char ide_print_error(unsigned int drive, unsigned char err) {
if (err == 0) if (err == 0)
return err; return err;
debug_backtrace(false);
kprint("IDE:"); kprint("IDE:");
if (err == 1) { if (err == 1) {
kprint("- Device Fault "); kprint("- Device Fault ");

73
kernel/elf.h Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
//
// Created by rick on 07-03-21.
//
#ifndef NEW_KERNEL_ELF_H
#define NEW_KERNEL_ELF_H
#include <types.h>
#include <attributes.h>
#define SHT_NULL 0
#define SHT_PROGBITS 1
#define SHT_SYMTAB 2
#define SHT_STRTAB 3
#define SHT_RELA 4
#define SHT_HASH 5
#define SHT_DYNAMIC 6
#define SHT_NOTE 7
#define SHT_NOBITS 8
#define SHT_REL 9
#define SHT_SHLIB 10
#define SHT_DYNSYM 11
#define SHT_LOPROC 0x70000000
#define SHT_HIPROC 0x7fffffff
#define SHT_LOUSER 0x80000000
#define SHT_HIUSER 0xffffffff
#define SHF_WRITE 0x1
#define SHF_ALLOC 0x2
#define SHF_EXECINSTR 0x4
#define SHF_MASKPROC 0xf0000000
#define ELF32_ST_BIND(i) ((i)>>4)
#define ELF32_ST_TYPE(i) ((i)&0xf)
#define ELF32_ST_INFO(b, t) (((b)<<4)+((t)&0xf))
#define STB_LOCAL 0
#define STB_GLOBAL 1
#define STB_WEAK 2
#define STB_LOPROC 13
#define STB_HIPROC 15
#define STT_NOTYPE 0
#define STT_OBJECT 1
#define STT_FUNC 2
#define STT_SECTION 3
#define STT_FILE 4
#define STT_LOPROC 13
#define STT_HIPROC 15
struct elf32_section_header {
uint32_t sh_name;
uint32_t sh_type;
uint32_t sh_flags;
uint32_t sh_addr;
uint32_t sh_offset;
uint32_t sh_size;
uint32_t sh_link;
uint32_t sh_info;
uint32_t sh_addr_align;
uint32_t sh_ent_size;
} packed;
struct elf32_symtab_entry {
uint32_t st_name;
uint32_t st_value;
uint32_t st_size;
uint8_t st_info;
uint8_t st_other;
uint16_t st_shndx;
};
#endif //NEW_KERNEL_ELF_H

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@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
#include <libk/syscall.h> #include <libk/syscall.h>
#include <command.h> #include <command.h>
#include <attributes.h> #include <attributes.h>
#include <debug/debug.h>
const int version_major = 0, const int version_major = 0,
version_minor = 0, version_minor = 0,
@@ -56,6 +57,8 @@ void noreturn used kmain(multiboot_info_t *multiboot_info, uint32_t mb_name) {
// initialize kprint functionality // initialize kprint functionality
kprint_init(); kprint_init();
debug_store_info(multiboot_info);
// identify cpu // identify cpu
cpuidx_print_info(); cpuidx_print_info();

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@@ -1,380 +0,0 @@
/* multiboot2.h - Multiboot 2 header file. */
/* Copyright (C) 1999,2003,2007,2008,2009,2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
* deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
* rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
* sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL ANY
* DEVELOPER OR DISTRIBUTOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
* WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR
* IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#ifndef MULTIBOOT_HEADER
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER 1
/* How many bytes from the start of the file we search for the header. */
#define MULTIBOOT_SEARCH 32768
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_ALIGN 8
/* The magic field should contain this. */
#define MULTIBOOT2_HEADER_MAGIC 0xe85250d6
/* This should be in %eax. */
#define MULTIBOOT2_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC 0x36d76289
/* Alignment of multiboot modules. */
#define MULTIBOOT_MOD_ALIGN 0x00001000
/* Alignment of the multiboot info structure. */
#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_ALIGN 0x00000008
/* Flags set in the flags member of the multiboot header. */
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_ALIGN 8
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_END 0
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_CMDLINE 1
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_BOOT_LOADER_NAME 2
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_MODULE 3
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_BASIC_MEMINFO 4
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_BOOTDEV 5
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_MMAP 6
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_VBE 7
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER 8
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_ELF_SECTIONS 9
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_APM 10
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_EFI32 11
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_EFI64 12
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_SMBIOS 13
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_ACPI_OLD 14
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_ACPI_NEW 15
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_NETWORK 16
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_EFI_MMAP 17
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_EFI_BS 18
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_EFI32_IH 19
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_EFI64_IH 20
#define MULTIBOOT_TAG_TYPE_LOAD_BASE_ADDR 21
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_END 0
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_INFORMATION_REQUEST 1
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_ADDRESS 2
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_ENTRY_ADDRESS 3
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_CONSOLE_FLAGS 4
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_FRAMEBUFFER 5
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_MODULE_ALIGN 6
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_EFI_BS 7
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_ENTRY_ADDRESS_EFI32 8
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_ENTRY_ADDRESS_EFI64 9
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_RELOCATABLE 10
#define MULTIBOOT_ARCHITECTURE_I386 0
#define MULTIBOOT_ARCHITECTURE_MIPS32 4
#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_TAG_OPTIONAL 1
#define MULTIBOOT_LOAD_PREFERENCE_NONE 0
#define MULTIBOOT_LOAD_PREFERENCE_LOW 1
#define MULTIBOOT_LOAD_PREFERENCE_HIGH 2
#define MULTIBOOT_CONSOLE_FLAGS_CONSOLE_REQUIRED 1
#define MULTIBOOT_CONSOLE_FLAGS_EGA_TEXT_SUPPORTED 2
#ifndef ASM_FILE
typedef unsigned char multiboot_uint8_t;
typedef unsigned short multiboot_uint16_t;
typedef unsigned int multiboot_uint32_t;
typedef unsigned long long multiboot_uint64_t;
struct multiboot_header {
/* Must be MULTIBOOT_MAGIC - see above. */
multiboot_uint32_t magic;
/* ISA */
multiboot_uint32_t architecture;
/* Total header length. */
multiboot_uint32_t header_length;
/* The above fields plus this one must equal 0 mod 2^32. */
multiboot_uint32_t checksum;
};
struct multiboot_header_tag {
multiboot_uint16_t type;
multiboot_uint16_t flags;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
};
struct multiboot_header_tag_information_request {
multiboot_uint16_t type;
multiboot_uint16_t flags;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t requests[0];
};
struct multiboot_header_tag_address {
multiboot_uint16_t type;
multiboot_uint16_t flags;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t header_addr;
multiboot_uint32_t load_addr;
multiboot_uint32_t load_end_addr;
multiboot_uint32_t bss_end_addr;
};
struct multiboot_header_tag_entry_address {
multiboot_uint16_t type;
multiboot_uint16_t flags;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t entry_addr;
};
struct multiboot_header_tag_console_flags {
multiboot_uint16_t type;
multiboot_uint16_t flags;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t console_flags;
};
struct multiboot_header_tag_framebuffer {
multiboot_uint16_t type;
multiboot_uint16_t flags;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t width;
multiboot_uint32_t height;
multiboot_uint32_t depth;
};
struct multiboot_header_tag_module_align {
multiboot_uint16_t type;
multiboot_uint16_t flags;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
};
struct multiboot_header_tag_relocatable {
multiboot_uint16_t type;
multiboot_uint16_t flags;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t min_addr;
multiboot_uint32_t max_addr;
multiboot_uint32_t align;
multiboot_uint32_t preference;
};
struct multiboot_color {
multiboot_uint8_t red;
multiboot_uint8_t green;
multiboot_uint8_t blue;
};
struct multiboot_mmap_entry {
multiboot_uint64_t addr;
multiboot_uint64_t len;
#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_AVAILABLE 1
#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_RESERVED 2
#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_ACPI_RECLAIMABLE 3
#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_NVS 4
#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_BADRAM 5
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t zero;
};
typedef struct multiboot_mmap_entry multiboot_memory_map_t;
struct multiboot_tag {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
};
struct multiboot_tag_string {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
char string[0];
};
struct multiboot_tag_module {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t mod_start;
multiboot_uint32_t mod_end;
char cmdline[0];
};
struct multiboot_tag_basic_meminfo {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t mem_lower;
multiboot_uint32_t mem_upper;
};
struct multiboot_tag_bootdev {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t biosdev;
multiboot_uint32_t slice;
multiboot_uint32_t part;
};
struct multiboot_tag_mmap {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t entry_size;
multiboot_uint32_t entry_version;
struct multiboot_mmap_entry entries[0];
};
struct multiboot_vbe_info_block {
multiboot_uint8_t external_specification[512];
};
struct multiboot_vbe_mode_info_block {
multiboot_uint8_t external_specification[256];
};
struct multiboot_tag_vbe {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint16_t vbe_mode;
multiboot_uint16_t vbe_interface_seg;
multiboot_uint16_t vbe_interface_off;
multiboot_uint16_t vbe_interface_len;
struct multiboot_vbe_info_block vbe_control_info;
struct multiboot_vbe_mode_info_block vbe_mode_info;
};
struct multiboot_tag_framebuffer_common {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint64_t framebuffer_addr;
multiboot_uint32_t framebuffer_pitch;
multiboot_uint32_t framebuffer_width;
multiboot_uint32_t framebuffer_height;
multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_bpp;
#define MULTIBOOT_FRAMEBUFFER_TYPE_INDEXED 0
#define MULTIBOOT_FRAMEBUFFER_TYPE_RGB 1
#define MULTIBOOT_FRAMEBUFFER_TYPE_EGA_TEXT 2
multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_type;
multiboot_uint16_t reserved;
};
struct multiboot_tag_framebuffer {
struct multiboot_tag_framebuffer_common common;
union {
struct {
multiboot_uint16_t framebuffer_palette_num_colors;
struct multiboot_color framebuffer_palette[0];
};
struct {
multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_red_field_position;
multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_red_mask_size;
multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_green_field_position;
multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_green_mask_size;
multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_blue_field_position;
multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_blue_mask_size;
};
};
};
struct multiboot_tag_elf_sections {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t num;
multiboot_uint32_t entsize;
multiboot_uint32_t shndx;
char sections[0];
};
struct multiboot_tag_apm {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint16_t version;
multiboot_uint16_t cseg;
multiboot_uint32_t offset;
multiboot_uint16_t cseg_16;
multiboot_uint16_t dseg;
multiboot_uint16_t flags;
multiboot_uint16_t cseg_len;
multiboot_uint16_t cseg_16_len;
multiboot_uint16_t dseg_len;
};
struct multiboot_tag_efi32 {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t pointer;
};
struct multiboot_tag_efi64 {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint64_t pointer;
};
struct multiboot_tag_smbios {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint8_t major;
multiboot_uint8_t minor;
multiboot_uint8_t reserved[6];
multiboot_uint8_t tables[0];
};
struct multiboot_tag_old_acpi {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint8_t rsdp[0];
};
struct multiboot_tag_new_acpi {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint8_t rsdp[0];
};
struct multiboot_tag_network {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint8_t dhcpack[0];
};
struct multiboot_tag_efi_mmap {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t descr_size;
multiboot_uint32_t descr_vers;
multiboot_uint8_t efi_mmap[0];
};
struct multiboot_tag_efi32_ih {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t pointer;
};
struct multiboot_tag_efi64_ih {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint64_t pointer;
};
struct multiboot_tag_load_base_addr {
multiboot_uint32_t type;
multiboot_uint32_t size;
multiboot_uint32_t load_base_addr;
};
#endif /* ! ASM_FILE */
#endif /* ! MULTIBOOT_HEADER */

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@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ Options:
-i [disk], --ide [disk] Use [disk] as a hda on an IDE bus -i [disk], --ide [disk] Use [disk] as a hda on an IDE bus
-n, --nohup Run QEMU using nohup and output to /dev/null -n, --nohup Run QEMU using nohup and output to /dev/null
-m, --max-cpu Run qemu with -m max -m, --max-cpu Run qemu with -m max
--net Launch the kernel using TFTP. (Requires GRUB to be set up)
EOF EOF
} }
@@ -23,6 +24,11 @@ while [[ "$#" -gt 0 ]]; do
ARGS="${ARGS} -S -s -d guest_errors,int" ARGS="${ARGS} -S -s -d guest_errors,int"
shift shift
;; ;;
--net)
cp cmake-build-debug/my-kernel.bin netdir/my-kernel.bin
KERNEL="-netdev user,id=n0,tftp=netdir,bootfile=/boot/grub/i386-pc/core.0 -device e1000,netdev=n0"
shift
;;
-i | --ide) -i | --ide)
ARGS="${ARGS} -hda $2" ARGS="${ARGS} -hda $2"
shift 2 shift 2

3
netdir/.gitignore vendored Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
my-kernel.bin
boot/grub/*
!boot/grub/grub.cfg

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@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
set timeout=0
set default=0
menuentry "my-kernel"
multiboot (tftp)/my-kernel.bin
boot
}