feature: a lot of stuff and got to a working command line ish

.gitignore

@@ -112,3 +112,4 @@ modules.xml
 # End of https://www.toptal.com/developers/gitignore/api/cmake,jetbrains+all
 
 *.old
+**/__pycache__

kernel/drivers/keyboard.c

@@ -7,31 +7,142 @@
 #include <drivers/ports.h>
 #include <cpu/isr.h>
 #include <libc/libc.h>
+#include <libc/stdbool.h>
+#include <libc/ringqueue.h>
+#include <mem/mem.h>
 
-char scancodes_ascii[] = {
+
-        0, 0,
+const char scancode_map_lowercase[] = {
-        '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '-', '=', 0,
+        0, 0, '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '-', '=', 0, 0, 'q', 'w', 'e', 'r', 't', 'y', 'u', 'i',
-        0, 'q', 'w', 'e', 'r', 't', 'y', 'u', 'i', 'o', 'p', '[', ']', 0,
+        'o', 'p', '[', ']', 0, 0, 'a', 's', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', ';', '\'', '`', 0, '\\', 'z', 'x', 'c',
-        0, 'a', 's', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', ';', '\'', '`',
+        'v', 'b', 'n', 'm', ',', '.', '/', 0, 0, 0, ' ', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-        0, '\\', 'z', 'x', 'c', 'v', 'b', 'n', 'm', ',', '.', '/', 0,
+        0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
-        '*',
-        0, ' ',
-        0,
-        0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // F1-F10
-        0, 0,
-        '7', '8', '9', '-',
-        '4', '5', '6', '+',
-        '1', '2', '3',
-        '0', 0,
-        0, // sysrq
-        0, 0, // weird
-        0, 0, // F11 F12
-        // weid
 };
 
+const char scancode_map_uppercase[] = {
+        0, 0, '!', '@', '#', '$', '%', '^', '&', '*', '(', ')', '_', '+', 0, 0, 'Q', 'W', 'E', 'R', 'T', 'Y', 'U', 'I',
+        'O', 'P', '{', '}', 0, 0, 'A', 'S', 'D', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J', 'K', 'L', ':', '"', '~', 0, '|', 'Z', 'X', 'C',
+        'V', 'B', 'N', 'M', '<', '>', '?', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+        0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
+};
+
+//
+//char scancodes_ascii[] = {
+//        0, 0,
+//        '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '-', '=', 0,
+//        0, 'q', 'w', 'e', 'r', 't', 'y', 'u', 'i', 'o', 'p', '[', ']', 0,
+//        0, 'a', 's', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', ';', '\'', '`',
+//        0, '\\', 'z', 'x', 'c', 'v', 'b', 'n', 'm', ',', '.', '/', 0,
+//        '*',
+//        0, ' ',
+//        0,
+//        0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // F1-F10
+//        0, 0,
+//        '7', '8', '9', '-',
+//        '4', '5', '6', '+',
+//        '1', '2', '3',
+//        '0', 0,
+//        0, // sysrq
+//        0, 0, // weird
+//        0, 0, // F11 F12
+//        // weid
+//};
+
+struct {
+    u8 shift: 1;
+    u8 ctrl: 1;
+    u8 alt: 1;
+    u8 extended: 1;
+} keyboard_state;
+
+void *keyboard_event_buffer = NULL;
+
 char *MSG_KEY = "Clicked on key 'x'\n";
 
-void print_scancode(unsigned char scancode);
+char getc() {
+    while (true) {
+        KeyEvent* event = get_next_event();
+        char retval = 0;
+        if (event == NULL) {
+            goto _getc_end;
+        }
+        if (event->is_release) {
+            goto _getc_end;
+        }
+        if (event->scancode == 0x1C) {
+            retval = '\n';
+            goto _getc_end;
+        }
+        if (event->ascii_code != 0) {
+            retval = event->ascii_code;
+            goto _getc_end;
+        }
+        _getc_end:
+        free_event(event);
+        if (retval != 0) {
+            return retval;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+KeyEvent *get_next_event() {
+    KeyEvent *target = malloc(sizeof(KeyEvent));
+    if (!ring_buffer_get(keyboard_event_buffer, target)) {
+        free(target);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    return target;
+};
+
+void free_event(KeyEvent *event) {
+    free(event);
+}
+
+//void print_scancode(unsigned char scancode);
+
+void handle_modifier_keys(unsigned char scancode, bool is_release) {
+    switch (scancode) {
+        case 42:
+        case 54:
+            keyboard_state.shift = !is_release;
+            break;
+        case 29:
+            keyboard_state.ctrl = !is_release;
+            break;
+        case 56:
+            keyboard_state.alt = !is_release;
+            break;
+        default:
+            // not an modifier key
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+void publish_key_event(unsigned char scan_code) {
+    bool is_release = false;
+    if (scan_code > 0x80) {
+        is_release = true;
+        scan_code -= 0x80;
+    }
+    handle_modifier_keys(scan_code, is_release);
+
+    char ascii_char = scancode_map_lowercase[scan_code];
+    if (keyboard_state.shift) {
+        if (scancode_map_uppercase[scan_code] != 0) {
+            ascii_char = scancode_map_uppercase[scan_code];
+        }
+    }
+
+    KeyEvent event = {
+            .scancode = scan_code,
+            .ascii_code = ascii_char,
+            .is_release = !is_release,
+            .shift = keyboard_state.shift,
+            .alt = keyboard_state.alt,
+            .ctrl = keyboard_state.ctrl,
+    };
+    ring_buffer_put(keyboard_event_buffer, &event);
+}
 
 static void keyboard_callback(registers_t regs) {
     unsigned char status = port_byte_in(PORT_PS2_STATUS);
@@ -40,31 +151,37 @@ static void keyboard_callback(registers_t regs) {
         return;
     }
     unsigned char scancode = port_byte_in(PORT_PS2_DATA);
-    print_scancode(scancode);
+    publish_key_event(scancode);
+//    print_scancode(scancode);
 }
 
 void init_keyboard() {
     register_interrupt_handler(IRQ1, keyboard_callback);
+    keyboard_state.shift = 0;
+    keyboard_state.ctrl = 0;
+    keyboard_state.alt = 0;
+    keyboard_state.extended = 0;
+    keyboard_event_buffer = create_buffer(256, sizeof(KeyEvent));
 }
 
-void print_scancode(unsigned char scancode) {
+//void print_scancode(unsigned char scancode) {
-    char msg[256];
+//    char msg[256];
-    char release = 0;
+//    char release = 0;
-    if (scancode > 0x80) {
+//    if (scancode > 0x80) {
-        // release
+//        // release
-        release = 1;
+//        release = 1;
-        scancode -= 0x80;
+//        scancode -= 0x80;
-    }
+//    }
-    char code = scancodes_ascii[scancode];
+//    char code = scancodes_ascii[scancode];
-    if (code == 0) {
+//    if (code == 0) {
-        // special
+//        // special
-    } else {
+//    } else {
-        if (release && code > 0x60 && code < 0x7B) {
+//        if (release && code > 0x60 && code < 0x7B) {
-            code -= 0x20; // to lowercase
+//            code -= 0x20; // to lowercase
-        }
+//        }
-
+//
-        strcpy(msg, MSG_KEY);
+//        strcpy(msg, MSG_KEY);
-        msg[strlen(msg) - 3] = code;
+//        msg[strlen(msg) - 3] = code;
-        kprint(msg);
+//        kprint(msg);
-    }
+//    }
-}
+//}

kernel/drivers/keyboard.h

@@ -5,6 +5,26 @@
 #ifndef MY_KERNEL_KEYBOARD_H
 #define MY_KERNEL_KEYBOARD_H
 
+#include <types.h>
+
+typedef struct KeyEvent_t {
+//    KeyCode key;
+    u32 scancode;
+    char ascii_code;
+    u8 is_release: 1;
+    u8 shift: 1;
+    u8 alt: 1;
+    u8 ctrl: 1;
+} KeyEvent;
+
+char getc();
+
 void init_keyboard();
 
+//const char *key_code_to_string(KeyCode key);
+
+KeyEvent *get_next_event();
+
+void free_event(KeyEvent *event);
+
 #endif //MY_KERNEL_KEYBOARD_H

kernel/kernel.c

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include <drivers/ports.h>
 #include <drivers/vgascreen.h>
 #include <libc/libc.h>
+#include <libc/stdbool.h>
 #include <cpu/isr.h>
 #include <cpu/timer.h>
 #include <drivers/keyboard.h>
@@ -8,9 +9,12 @@
 #include <multiboot.h>
 #include <drivers/serial.h>
 #include <kprint.h>
+#include <libc/readline.h>
+#include <libc/string.h>
 
 char *msg_booted = "Booted Successfully!\n";
 
+void main_loop();
 
 void kmain(multiboot_info_t *multiboot_info) {
     isr_install();
@@ -37,9 +41,39 @@ void kmain(multiboot_info_t *multiboot_info) {
     init_timer(50);
     init_keyboard();
 
-    print_mmap_info();
+//    print_mmap_info();
+    while (true) {
+        main_loop();
+    }
 
 //    vga_set_raw(pos * 2, 'X');
 //    vga_set_raw(pos * 2 + 1, 0xf);
     do {} while (1);
 }
+
+const char* newline = "\n";
+const char* msg_unknown_command = "Unknown command: ";
+
+const char* cmd_echo = "echo";
+const char* cmd_print_mmap = "print_mmap";
+
+void main_loop() {
+    char* msg = readline(NULL);
+    char* args = strchr(msg, ' ') + 1;
+    args[-1] = 0;
+    if (strcmp(cmd_echo, msg) == 0) {
+        kprint(args);
+        kprint(newline);
+        goto _main_loop_end;
+    }
+    if (strcmp(cmd_print_mmap, msg) == 0) {
+        print_mmap_info();
+        goto _main_loop_end;
+    }
+
+    kprint(msg_unknown_command);
+    kprint(msg);
+    kprint(newline);
+_main_loop_end:
+    free(msg);
+}

kernel/kprint.c

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ void kprint_register(kprint_handler handler) {
     // todo handle
 }
 
-void kprint(char *msg) {
+void kprint(const char *msg) {
     for (int i = 0; i < MAX_HANDLERS; ++i) {
         if (handlers[i] == NULL) {
             continue;

kernel/kprint.h

@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ typedef void (*kprint_handler)(const char *);
 
 void kprint_register(kprint_handler);
 
-void kprint(char *msg);
+void kprint(const char *msg);

kernel/libc/libc.c

@@ -14,10 +14,6 @@ int memcpy(char *dst, char *src, int amount) {
     return 0;
 }
 
-int strcpy(char *dst, char *src) {
-    return memcpy(dst, src, strlen(src) + 1);
-}
-
 int memset(char *dst, char data, int amount) {
     for (int i = 0; i < amount; ++i) {
         dst[i] = data;
@@ -34,11 +30,9 @@ int itoa(int i, char *target) {
     return 0;
 }
 
-int strlen(char *str) {
+int maxi(int a, int b) {
-    int length = 0;
+    if (a >= b) {
-    while (str[length] != 0) {
+        return a;
-        length++;
     }
-    return length;
+    return b;
 }
-

kernel/libc/libc.h

@@ -10,12 +10,10 @@
 
 int memcpy(char *dst, char *src, int amount);
 
-int strcpy(char *dst, char *src);
-
 int memset(char *dst, char data, int amount);
 
 int itoa(int i, char *target);
 
-int strlen(char *str);
+int maxi(int a, int b);
 
 #endif /* KERNEL_LIBC_LIBC_H_ */

kernel/libc/readline.c

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//
+// Created by rick on 01-02-21.
+//
+
+#include "readline.h"
+#include <libc/libc.h>
+#include <types.h>
+#include <kprint.h>
+#include <mem/mem.h>
+#include <drivers/keyboard.h>
+
+#define RESULT_SIZE 256
+
+const char* default_msg = "> ";
+
+char* readline(const char *prompt) {
+    kprint(prompt == NULL ? default_msg : prompt);
+
+    char* result = malloc(RESULT_SIZE);
+    memset(result, 0, RESULT_SIZE);
+    for (int i = 0; i < RESULT_SIZE; ++i) {
+        result[i] = getc();
+        kprint(&result[i]);
+        if (result[i] == '\n') {
+            result[i] = 0;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}

kernel/libc/readline.h

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//
+// Created by rick on 01-02-21.
+//
+
+#ifndef NEW_KERNEL_READLINE_H
+#define NEW_KERNEL_READLINE_H
+
+char* readline(const char *prompt);
+
+#endif //NEW_KERNEL_READLINE_H

kernel/libc/ringqueue.c

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+//
+// Created by rick on 30-01-21.
+//
+
+#include "ringqueue.h"
+#include <libc/libc.h>
+#include <mem/mem.h>
+
+#define calc_pos(buffer, index) ((buffer->object_size) * (index))
+
+typedef struct {
+    int object_size;
+    int count;
+    int read_pos;
+    int write_pos;
+    void *mem;
+} ring_buffer_t;
+
+void *create_buffer(int count, int object_size) {
+    ring_buffer_t *buffer = malloc(sizeof(ring_buffer_t));
+    if (buffer == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    buffer->object_size = object_size;
+    buffer->count = count;
+    buffer->read_pos = 0;
+    buffer->write_pos = 0;
+    buffer->mem = malloc(count * object_size);
+    if (buffer->mem == NULL) {
+        free(buffer);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    return buffer;
+};
+
+void free_buffer(void *buffer) {
+    free(((ring_buffer_t *) buffer)->mem);
+    free(buffer);
+}
+
+void ring_buffer_put(void *buffer, void *item) {
+    ring_buffer_t *ring_buffer = (ring_buffer_t *) buffer;
+    // todo check if this write would overwrite the current reading pos
+    // todo handle the above case
+    memcpy(ring_buffer->mem + calc_pos(ring_buffer, ring_buffer->write_pos), item, ring_buffer->object_size);
+    ring_buffer->write_pos++;
+};
+
+bool ring_buffer_get(void *buffer, void* target) {
+    ring_buffer_t *ring_buffer = (ring_buffer_t *) buffer;
+    if (ring_buffer->read_pos == ring_buffer->write_pos) {
+        // nothing to read
+        return false;
+    }
+    memcpy(target, ring_buffer->mem + calc_pos(ring_buffer, ring_buffer->read_pos++), ring_buffer->object_size);
+    return true;
+};

kernel/libc/ringqueue.h

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//
+// Created by rick on 30-01-21.
+//
+
+#ifndef NEW_KERNEL_RINGQUEUE_H
+#define NEW_KERNEL_RINGQUEUE_H
+
+#include <types.h>
+#include <libc/stdbool.h>
+
+void *create_buffer(int count, int object_size);
+
+void free_buffer(void *buffer);
+
+void ring_buffer_put(void *buffer, void *item);
+
+bool ring_buffer_get(void *buffer, void* target);
+
+#endif //NEW_KERNEL_RINGQUEUE_H

kernel/libc/stdbool.c

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//
+// Created by rick on 31-01-21.
+//
+
+#include "stdbool.h"

kernel/libc/stdbool.h

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//
+// Created by rick on 31-01-21.
+//
+
+#ifndef NEW_KERNEL_STDBOOL_H
+#define NEW_KERNEL_STDBOOL_H
+
+#define TRUE 1
+#define true 1
+#define FALSE 0
+#define false 0
+
+typedef unsigned char bool;
+
+#endif //NEW_KERNEL_STDBOOL_H

kernel/libc/string.c

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+//
+// Created by rick on 01-02-21.
+//
+
+#include "string.h"
+#include "stdbool.h"
+#include <libc/libc.h>
+#include <types.h>
+
+int strcpy(char *dst, char *src) {
+    return memcpy(dst, src, strlen(src) + 1);
+}
+
+int strlen(const char *str) {
+    int length = 0;
+    while (str[length] != 0) {
+        length++;
+    }
+    return length;
+}
+
+int strcmp(const char *s1, const char *s2) {
+    int len1 = strlen(s1);
+    int len2 = strlen(s1);
+    return strncmp(s1, s2, maxi(len1, len2));
+}
+
+const char *strchr(const char *s, char c) {
+    int index = 0;
+    while (true) {
+        if (s[index] == c) {
+            return &s[index];
+        }
+        if (s[index] == 0) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        index++;
+    }
+}
+
+int strncmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, int n) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+        if (s1[i] == 0 && s2[i] == 0) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (s1[i] == 0) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        if (s2[i] == 0) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        if (s1[i] > s2[i]) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        if (s2[i] < s1[i]) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}

kernel/libc/string.h

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//
+// Created by rick on 01-02-21.
+//
+
+#ifndef NEW_KERNEL_STRING_H
+#define NEW_KERNEL_STRING_H
+
+int strcpy(char *dst, char *src);
+
+int strlen(const char *str);
+
+const char *strchr(const char *s, char c);
+
+int strcmp(const char *s1, const char *s2);
+
+int strncmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, int n);
+
+#endif //NEW_KERNEL_STRING_H

kernel/mem/mem.c

@@ -7,6 +7,27 @@
 #include <mem/mem.h>
 #include <libc/libc.h>
 
+#define MEMMAP_ENTRIES 16
+
+#define MMAP_TYPE_UNDEFINED         0
+#define MMAP_TYPE_AVAILABLE         1
+#define MMAP_TYPE_RESERVED          2
+#define MMAP_TYPE_ACPI_RECLAIMABLE  3
+#define MMAP_TYPE_NVS               4
+#define MMAP_TYPE_BADRAM            5
+#define MMAP_TYPE_KERNEL            6
+#define MMAP_TYPE_MALLOC            7
+
+#define MALLOC_TYPE_FREE 0
+#define MALLOC_TYPE_USED 1
+
+#define kilobyte (1024)
+//#define kernel_start (one_meg)
+#define kernel_size (32 * kilobyte)
+#define kernel_end (kernel_start + kernel_size)
+extern void *kernel_start;
+//extern void *kernel_end;
+
 char *msg_index = "Idx: ";
 char *msg_addr = "Address: ";
 char *msg_len = "Length:  ";
@@ -14,20 +35,18 @@ char *msg_type = "Type:    ";
 char *msg_nl = "\n";
 
 typedef struct {
-    u64 address;
+    void *address;
-    u64 length;
+    u32 length;
-#define MMAP_TYPE_UNDEFINED              0
-#define MMAP_TYPE_AVAILABLE              1
-#define MMAP_TYPE_RESERVED               2
-#define MMAP_TYPE_ACPI_RECLAIMABLE       3
-#define MMAP_TYPE_NVS                    4
-#define MMAP_TYPE_BADRAM                 5
     u32 type;
 } __attribute((packed)) mmap_entry;
 
 char *msg_lu = "0123456789ABCDEF";
 
-mmap_entry memmap[16] = {
+int malloc_entries = 0;
+int malloc_used = 0;
+
+int last_memmap_entry = 0;
+mmap_entry memmap[MEMMAP_ENTRIES] = {
         {0, 0, 0},
         {0, 0, 0},
         {0, 0, 0},
@@ -46,14 +65,107 @@ mmap_entry memmap[16] = {
         {0, 0, 0},
 };
 
-void init_mmap(struct multiboot_mmap_entry *entries, u32 count) {
+typedef struct malloc_map {
-    for (u32 i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+    struct malloc_map *next;
-        memmap[i].address = entries[i].addr;
+    struct malloc_map *pref;
-        memmap[i].length = entries[i].len;
+    u32 size;
-        memmap[i].type = entries[i].type;
+    int type;
+} malloc_map;
+
+void use_mmap_entry(struct multiboot_mmap_entry *entry) {
+    mmap_entry *mm_entry = &memmap[last_memmap_entry++];
+    mm_entry->address = (void *) entry->addr;
+    mm_entry->length = entry->len;
+    mm_entry->type = entry->type;
+    if (last_memmap_entry == 1) {
+        // not using first map entry for now
+        return;
+    }
+    // check if the entry overlaps with the kernel address space
+    if (kernel_start >= mm_entry->address && kernel_start <= mm_entry->address + mm_entry->length) {
+        // todo make this something proper
+        struct multiboot_mmap_entry extra_entry;
+        extra_entry.size = entry->size;
+        extra_entry.type = entry->type;
+        extra_entry.addr = entry->addr + kernel_size;
+        extra_entry.len = entry->size - kernel_size;
+        use_mmap_entry(&extra_entry);
+
+        mm_entry->length = kernel_size;
+        mm_entry->type = MMAP_TYPE_KERNEL;
+    }
+    if (mm_entry->type == MMAP_TYPE_AVAILABLE && (unsigned int) mm_entry->length > sizeof(malloc_map)) {
+        mm_entry->type = MMAP_TYPE_MALLOC;
+        malloc_map *map = (malloc_map *) mm_entry->address;
+        map->type = MALLOC_TYPE_FREE;
+        map->size = mm_entry->length - sizeof(malloc_map);
+        map->pref = map;
+        map->next = map;
+        malloc_entries++;
     }
 }
 
+void init_mmap(struct multiboot_mmap_entry *entries, u32 count) {
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+        use_mmap_entry(&entries[i]);
+    }
+}
+
+void split_malloc_map(malloc_map *entry, unsigned int size) {
+    malloc_entries++;
+    malloc_map *new_entry = entry + sizeof(malloc_map) + size;
+    new_entry->size = entry->size - size - sizeof(malloc_map);
+    new_entry->next = entry->next;
+    new_entry->pref = entry;
+    new_entry->type = MALLOC_TYPE_FREE;
+    entry->next->pref = new_entry;
+    entry->next = new_entry;
+    entry->size = size;
+}
+
+void *malloc(unsigned int size) {
+    // todo replace this horrible mess!
+    // this lacks any page alignment and what so ever
+    for (int i = 0; i < MEMMAP_ENTRIES; ++i) {
+        if (memmap[i].type != MMAP_TYPE_MALLOC) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        // get first first_map of address
+        malloc_map *first_map = (malloc_map *) memmap[i].address;
+        malloc_map *current_map = first_map;
+        // iterate through maps
+        do {
+            if (current_map->type == MALLOC_TYPE_USED) {
+                goto malloc_find_next;
+            }
+            if ((unsigned int) current_map->size < size) {
+                goto malloc_find_next;
+            }
+            if ((unsigned int) current_map->size > (size + sizeof(malloc_map))) {
+                // big enough to split
+                split_malloc_map(current_map, size);
+            }
+            malloc_used++;
+            current_map->type = MALLOC_TYPE_USED;
+            return ((void*)current_map) + sizeof(malloc_map);
+
+            malloc_find_next:
+            current_map = current_map->next;
+        } while (current_map != first_map);
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+void free(void *mem) {
+    if (mem == NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+    malloc_used--;
+    malloc_map *map = (mem - sizeof(malloc_map));
+    map->type = MALLOC_TYPE_FREE;
+};
+
+
 void print_hex_u64(u64 input) {
     char msg[18] = "0x0000000000000000";
     for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
@@ -74,10 +186,10 @@ void print_mmap_info() {
         kprint(tmp_str);
         kprint(msg_nl);
         kprint(msg_addr);
-        print_hex_u64(memmap[i].address);
+        print_hex_u64((u64) memmap[i].address);
         kprint(msg_nl);
         kprint(msg_len);
-        print_hex_u64(memmap[i].length);
+        print_hex_u64((u64) memmap[i].length);
         kprint(msg_nl);
         kprint(msg_type);
         itoa(memmap[i].type, tmp_str);

kernel/mem/mem.h

@@ -11,4 +11,7 @@ void init_mmap(struct multiboot_mmap_entry *entries, u32 count);
 
 void print_mmap_info();
 
+void* malloc(unsigned int size);
+void free(void* mem);
+
 #endif //NEW_KERNEL_MEM_H

linker.ld

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ SECTIONS
 	/* Begin putting sections at 1 MiB, a conventional place for kernels to be
 	   loaded at by the bootloader. */
 	. = 1M;
+	kernel_start = .;
 
 	/* First put the multiboot header, as it is required to be put very early
 	   early in the image or the bootloader won't recognize the file format.
@@ -38,6 +39,13 @@ SECTIONS
 		*(.bss)
 	}
 
+	/DISCARD/ : {
+	    *(.eh_frame);
+	    *(.comment);
+	    *(.gnu.hash);
+	    *(.note.gnu.build-id);
+	}
+
 	/* The compiler may produce other sections, by default it will put them in
 	   a segment with the same name. Simply add stuff here as needed. */
 }

qemu-debug.sh

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-nohup qemu-system-i386 -S -s -kernel cmake-build-debug/my-kernel.bin -d guest_errors,int -m 1G &
+nohup qemu-system-i386 -S -s -kernel cmake-build-debug/my-kernel.bin -d guest_errors,int -m 1G > /dev/null &
 disown

scancodes/set1.json

@@ -0,0 +1,810 @@
+[
+  [
+    "1",
+    "29/A9",
+    "0E/F0 0E",
+    "0E/F0 0E",
+    "`",
+    "~"
+  ],
+  [
+    "2",
+    "02/82",
+    "16/F0 16",
+    "16/F0 16",
+    "1",
+    "!"
+  ],
+  [
+    "3",
+    "03/83",
+    "1E/F0 1E",
+    "1E/F0 1E",
+    "2",
+    "@"
+  ],
+  [
+    "4",
+    "04/84",
+    "26/F0 26",
+    "26/F0 26",
+    "3",
+    "#"
+  ],
+  [
+    "5",
+    "05/85",
+    "25/F0 25",
+    "25/F0 25",
+    "4",
+    "$"
+  ],
+  [
+    "6",
+    "06/86",
+    "2E/F0 2E",
+    "2E/F0 2E",
+    "5",
+    "%"
+  ],
+  [
+    "7",
+    "07/87",
+    "36/F0 36",
+    "36/F0 36",
+    "6",
+    "^"
+  ],
+  [
+    "8",
+    "08/88",
+    "3D/F0 3D",
+    "3D/F0 3D",
+    "7",
+    "&"
+  ],
+  [
+    "9",
+    "09/89",
+    "3E/F0 3E",
+    "3E/F0 3E",
+    "8",
+    "*"
+  ],
+  [
+    "10",
+    "0A/8A",
+    "46/F0 46",
+    "46/F0 46",
+    "9",
+    "("
+  ],
+  [
+    "11",
+    "0B/8B",
+    "45/F0 45",
+    "45/F0 45",
+    "0",
+    ")"
+  ],
+  [
+    "12",
+    "0C/8C",
+    "4E/F0 4E",
+    "4E/F0 4E",
+    "-",
+    "_"
+  ],
+  [
+    "13",
+    "0D/8D",
+    "55/F0 55",
+    "55/F0 55",
+    "=",
+    "+"
+  ],
+  [
+    "15",
+    "0E/8E",
+    "66/F0 66",
+    "66/F0 66",
+    "Backspace",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "16",
+    "0F/8F",
+    "0D/F0 0D",
+    "0D/F0 0D",
+    "Tab",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "17",
+    "10/90",
+    "15/F0 15",
+    "15/F0 15",
+    "q",
+    "Q"
+  ],
+  [
+    "18",
+    "11/91",
+    "1D/F0 1D",
+    "1D/F0 1D",
+    "w",
+    "W"
+  ],
+  [
+    "19",
+    "12/92",
+    "24/F0 24",
+    "24/F0 24",
+    "e",
+    "E"
+  ],
+  [
+    "20",
+    "13/93",
+    "2D/F0 2D",
+    "2D/F0 2D",
+    "r",
+    "R"
+  ],
+  [
+    "21",
+    "14/94",
+    "2C/F0 2C",
+    "2C/F0 2C",
+    "t",
+    "T"
+  ],
+  [
+    "22",
+    "15/95",
+    "35/F0 35",
+    "35/F0 35",
+    "y",
+    "Y"
+  ],
+  [
+    "23",
+    "16/96",
+    "3C/F0 3C",
+    "3C/F0 3C",
+    "u",
+    "U"
+  ],
+  [
+    "24",
+    "17/97",
+    "43/F0 43",
+    "43/F0 43",
+    "i",
+    "I"
+  ],
+  [
+    "25",
+    "18/98",
+    "44/F0 44",
+    "44/F0 44",
+    "o",
+    "O"
+  ],
+  [
+    "26",
+    "19/99",
+    "4D/F0 4D",
+    "4D/F0 4D",
+    "p",
+    "P"
+  ],
+  [
+    "27",
+    "1A/9A",
+    "54/F0 54",
+    "54/F0 54",
+    "[",
+    "{"
+  ],
+  [
+    "28",
+    "1B/9B",
+    "5B/F0 5B",
+    "5B/F0 5B",
+    "]",
+    "}"
+  ],
+  [
+    "30",
+    "3A/BA",
+    "58/F0 58",
+    "58/F0 58",
+    "Caps Lock",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "31",
+    "1E/9E",
+    "1C/F0 1C",
+    "1C/F0 1C",
+    "a",
+    "A"
+  ],
+  [
+    "32",
+    "1F/9F",
+    "1B/F0 1B",
+    "1B/F0 1B",
+    "s",
+    "S"
+  ],
+  [
+    "33",
+    "20/A0",
+    "23/F0 23",
+    "23/F0 23",
+    "d",
+    "D"
+  ],
+  [
+    "34",
+    "21/A1",
+    "2B/F0 2B",
+    "2B/F0 2B",
+    "f",
+    "F"
+  ],
+  [
+    "35",
+    "22/A2",
+    "34/F0 34",
+    "34/F0 34",
+    "g",
+    "G"
+  ],
+  [
+    "36",
+    "23/A3",
+    "33/F0 33",
+    "33/F0 33",
+    "h",
+    "H"
+  ],
+  [
+    "37",
+    "24/A4",
+    "3B/F0 3B",
+    "3B/F0 3B",
+    "j",
+    "J"
+  ],
+  [
+    "38",
+    "25/A5",
+    "42/F0 42",
+    "42/F0 42",
+    "k",
+    "K"
+  ],
+  [
+    "39",
+    "26/A6",
+    "4B/F0 4B",
+    "4B/F0 4B",
+    "l",
+    "L"
+  ],
+  [
+    "40",
+    "27/A7",
+    "4C/F0 4C",
+    "4C/F0 4C",
+    ";",
+    ":"
+  ],
+  [
+    "41",
+    "28/A8",
+    "52/F0 52",
+    "52/F0 52",
+    "'",
+    "\""
+  ],
+  [
+    "43",
+    "1C/9C",
+    "5A/F0 5A",
+    "5A/F0 5A",
+    "Enter",
+    "Enter"
+  ],
+  [
+    "44",
+    "2A/AA",
+    "12/F0 12",
+    "12/F0 12",
+    "Left Shift",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "46",
+    "2C/AC",
+    "1A/F0 1A",
+    "1A/F0 1A",
+    "z",
+    "Z"
+  ],
+  [
+    "47",
+    "2D/AD",
+    "22/F0 22",
+    "22/F0 22",
+    "x",
+    "X"
+  ],
+  [
+    "48",
+    "2E/AE",
+    "21/F0 21",
+    "21/F0 21",
+    "c",
+    "C"
+  ],
+  [
+    "49",
+    "2F/AF",
+    "2A/F0 2A",
+    "2A/F0 2A",
+    "v",
+    "V"
+  ],
+  [
+    "50",
+    "30/B0",
+    "32/F0 32",
+    "32/F0 32",
+    "b",
+    "B"
+  ],
+  [
+    "51",
+    "31/B1",
+    "31/F0 31",
+    "31/F0 31",
+    "n",
+    "N"
+  ],
+  [
+    "52",
+    "32/B2",
+    "3A/F0 3A",
+    "3A/F0 3A",
+    "m",
+    "M"
+  ],
+  [
+    "53",
+    "33/B3",
+    "41/F0 41",
+    "41/F0 41",
+    ",",
+    "<"
+  ],
+  [
+    "54",
+    "34/B4",
+    "49/F0 49",
+    "49/F0 49",
+    ".",
+    ">"
+  ],
+  [
+    "55",
+    "35/B5",
+    "4A/F0 4A",
+    "4A/F0 4A",
+    "/",
+    "?"
+  ],
+  [
+    "57",
+    "36/B6",
+    "59/F0 59",
+    "59/F0 59",
+    "Right Shift",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "58",
+    "1D/9D",
+    "14/F0 14",
+    "11/F0 11",
+    "Left Ctrl",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "60",
+    "38/B8",
+    "11/F0 11",
+    "19/F0 19",
+    "Left Alt",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "61",
+    "39/B9",
+    "29/F0 29",
+    "29/F0 29",
+    "Spacebar",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "62",
+    "E0 38/E0 B8",
+    "E0 11/E0 F0 11",
+    "39/F0 39",
+    "Right Alt",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "64",
+    "E0 1D/E0 9D",
+    "E0 14/E0 F0 14",
+    "58/F0 58",
+    "Right Ctrl",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "75",
+    "E0 52/E0 D2 (base)",
+    "E0 70/E0 F0 70 (base)",
+    "67/F0 67",
+    "Insert",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "76",
+    "E0 4B/E0 CB (base)",
+    "E0 71/E0 F0 71 (base)",
+    "64/F0 64",
+    "Delete",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "79",
+    "E0 4B/E0 CB (base)",
+    "E0 6B/E0 F0 6B (base)",
+    "61/F0 61",
+    "Left Arrow",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "80",
+    "E0 47/E0 C7 (base)",
+    "E0 6C/E0 F0 6C (base)",
+    "6E/F0 6E",
+    "Home",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "81",
+    "E0 4F/E0 CF (base)",
+    "E0 69/E0 F0 69 (base)",
+    "65/F0 65",
+    "End",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "83",
+    "E0 48/E0 C8 (base)",
+    "E0 75/E0 F0 75 (base)",
+    "63/F0 63",
+    "Up Arrow",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "84",
+    "E0 50/E0 D0 (base)",
+    "E0 72/E0 F0 72 (base)",
+    "60/F0 60",
+    "Down     Arrow",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "85",
+    "E0 49/E0 C9 (base)",
+    "E0 7D/E0 F0 7D (base)",
+    "6F/F0 6F",
+    "Page Up",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "86",
+    "E0 51/E0 D1 (base)",
+    "E0 7A/E0 F0 7A (base)",
+    "6D/F0 6D",
+    "Page Down",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "89",
+    "E0 4D/E0 CD (base)",
+    "E0 74/E0 F0 74 (base)",
+    "6A/F0 6A",
+    "Right Arrow",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "90",
+    "45/C5",
+    "77/F0 77",
+    "76/F0 76",
+    "Num Lock",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "91",
+    "47/C7",
+    "6C/F0 6C",
+    "6C/F0 6C",
+    "Keypad     7",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "92",
+    "4B/CB",
+    "6B/F0 6B",
+    "6B/F0 6B",
+    "Keypad 4",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "93",
+    "4F/CF",
+    "69/F0 69",
+    "69/F0 69",
+    "Keypad 1",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "95",
+    "E0 35/E0 B5 (base)",
+    "E0 4A/E0 F0 4A (base)",
+    "77/F0 77",
+    "Keypad /",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "96",
+    "48/C8",
+    "75/F0 75",
+    "75/F0 75",
+    "Keypad 8",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "97",
+    "4C/CC",
+    "73/F0 73",
+    "73/F0 73",
+    "Keypad 5",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "98",
+    "50/D0",
+    "72/F0 72",
+    "72/F0 72",
+    "Keypad 2",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "99",
+    "52/D2",
+    "70/F0 70",
+    "70/F0 70",
+    "Keypad 0",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "100",
+    "37/B7",
+    "7C/F0 7C",
+    "7E/F0 7E",
+    "Keypad *",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "101",
+    "49/C9",
+    "7D/F0 7D",
+    "7D/F0 7D",
+    "Keypad 9",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "102",
+    "4D/CD",
+    "74/F0 74",
+    "74/F0 74",
+    "Keypad 6",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "103",
+    "51/D1",
+    "7A/F0 7A",
+    "7A/F0 7A",
+    "Keypad 3",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "104",
+    "53/D3",
+    "71/F0 71",
+    "71/F0 71",
+    "Keypad .",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "105",
+    "4A/CA",
+    "7B/F0 7B",
+    "84/F0 84",
+    "Keypad -",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "106",
+    "4E/CE",
+    "79/F0 79",
+    "7C/F0 7C",
+    "Keypad +",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "108",
+    "E0 1C/E0 9C",
+    "E0 5A/E0 F0 5A",
+    "79/F0 79",
+    "Keypad Enter",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "110",
+    "01/81",
+    "76/F0 76",
+    "08/F0 08",
+    "Esc",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "112",
+    "3B/BB",
+    "05/F0 05",
+    "07/F0 07",
+    "F1",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "113",
+    "3C/BC",
+    "06/F0 06",
+    "0F/F0 0F",
+    "F2",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "114",
+    "3D/BD",
+    "04/F0 04",
+    "17/F0 17",
+    "F3",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "115",
+    "3E/BE",
+    "0C/F0 0C",
+    "1F/F0 1F",
+    "F4",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "116",
+    "3F/BF",
+    "03/F0 03",
+    "27/F0 27",
+    "F5",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "117",
+    "40/C0",
+    "0B/F0 0B",
+    "2F/F0 2F",
+    "F6",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "118",
+    "41/C1",
+    "83/F0 83",
+    "37/F0 37",
+    "F7",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "119",
+    "42/C2",
+    "0A/F0 0A",
+    "3F/F0 3F",
+    "F8",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "120",
+    "43/C3",
+    "01/F0 01",
+    "47/F0 47",
+    "F9",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "121",
+    "44/C4",
+    "09/F0 09",
+    "4F/F0 4F",
+    "F10",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "122",
+    "57/D7",
+    "78/F0 78",
+    "56/F0 56",
+    "F11",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "123",
+    "58/D8",
+    "07/F0 07",
+    "5E/F0 5E",
+    "F12",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "124",
+    "E0 2A E0 37/E0 B7 E0 AA",
+    "E0 12 E0 7C/E0 F0 7C E0 F0     12",
+    "57/F0 57",
+    "Print Screen",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "125",
+    "46/C6",
+    "7E/F0 7E",
+    "5F/F0 5F",
+    "Scroll Lock",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "126",
+    "E1 1D 45/E1 9D C5",
+    "E1 14 77 E1/F0 14 F0 77",
+    "62/F0 62",
+    "Pause Break",
+    ""
+  ],
+  [
+    "29 or 42*",
+    "2B/AB",
+    "5D/F0 5D",
+    "5C/F0 5C or 53/F0 53",
+    "\\",
+    "|"
+  ]
+]

scancodes/transform_scancodes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import functools
+import itertools
+import json
+import unicodedata
+from typing import NamedTuple, List, Optional
+import pyperclip
+
+
+class KeyCode(NamedTuple):
+    scan_code: int
+    name_lower: str
+    name_upper: str
+    ascii_lower: Optional[str]
+    ascii_upper: Optional[str]
+
+
+# scancodes retrieved from https://wiki.osdev.org/PS/2_Keyboard
+# scancodes transformed with https://www.convertjson.com/html-table-to-json.htm
+
+
+blacklist_names = {'(zero)'}
+
+special_map = {
+    '\\': 'forwardSlash',
+    '/': 'backSlash',
+    '[': 'bracketLeft',
+    ']': 'bracketRight',
+    ';': 'colonPressed',
+    "'": None,
+    '`': None,
+    ',': 'comma',
+    '.': 'dot',
+    # todo keypad *
+    '-': 'dash',
+    '=': 'equals',
+}
+
+
+def get_unknown(i):
+    return KeyCode(i, f"Unknown{i:02x}Lower", f"Unknown{i:02x}Upper", None, None)
+
+
+def not_in_blacklist(name: str) -> bool:
+    return name not in blacklist_names
+
+
+def remove_braces(name: str) -> str:
+    name = name.lstrip('(').rstrip(')')
+    if name in special_map:
+        return special_map[name]
+    return name
+
+
+def key_name_to_name(names: List[str]) -> str:
+    _names: List[str] = list(filter(lambda i: i is not None, map(remove_braces, filter(not_in_blacklist, names))))
+    _names_cap = itertools.chain([_names[0][0].lower() + _names[0][1:]],
+                                 map(lambda i: i[0].upper() + i[1:], _names[1:]))
+    return ''.join(_names_cap)
+
+
+def get_name(item: str):
+    item = item.replace('  ', ' ')
+    if len(item) == 1:
+        item = unicodedata.name(item).title()
+    if item.startswith('Latin'):
+        return 'Letter' + item.split()[-1]
+    return item.replace(' ', '_') if item else None
+
+
+def transform_set1(path):
+    codes = []
+    with open(path) as f:
+        data = json.load(f)
+
+    for ibm_number, make_break_1, _, _, lower, upper in data:
+        make_code, break_code = make_break_1.split('/')
+        if make_code.startswith('E0') or make_code.startswith('E1'):
+            # skipping multi codes for now
+            continue
+        make_code_i = int(make_code, base=16)
+        break_code_i = int(break_code, base=16)
+        if make_code_i != break_code_i ^ 0x80:
+            raise ValueError("Make/Break not equal" + ibm_number)
+        codes.append(KeyCode(
+            make_code_i,
+            get_name(lower),
+            get_name(upper),
+            lower,
+            upper,
+        ))
+
+    codes_map = {}
+
+    for code in codes:
+        if code.scan_code in codes_map:
+            raise ValueError(f"Duplicate code {code!r}")
+        codes_map[code.scan_code] = code
+
+    # max_val = functools.reduce(lambda a, b: max(a, b), map(lambda x: x.scan_code, codes), 0)
+    return codes_map
+    # txts = []
+    # for i in range(max_val):
+    #     code = codes_map.get(i) or get_unknown(i)
+    #     txts.append(f'{code.scan_code}\t{code.name_lower}\t{code.name_upper}\t{code.ascii_lower or None}\t{code.ascii_upper or None}')
+    # pyperclip.copy('\n'.join(txts))
+
+
+def get_ascii_val(val: str):
+    if not val:
+        return 'NULL'
+    if len(val) > 1:
+        return 'NULL'
+    if val == "'":
+        return "'\\''"
+    return repr(val)
+
+
+def main():
+    transform_set1()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()